11.1. General information and security measures
General information
Forward and back wheels of all cars considered in the present manual are equipped with disk brake mechanisms. The system of anti-blocking of brakes (ABS) is regularly installed. As the additional equipment the system of stabilization of stability (ESP) can be installed.
The brake system is divided according to the diagonal scheme into two independent hydraulic contours and consists of the main brake cylinder (MBC), the vacuum amplifier and disk brake mechanisms of all wheels. At refusal of any of contours (for example, as a result of sealing violation) the second continues to function in the normal mode, providing adequate braking of the vehicle. The role of the valve regulator of pressure providing dynamic correction of effort of braking of back wheels according to change of load of a back axis of the car carries out the ABS control unit. Liquid pressure in both contours is created by the main brake cylinder (MBC) having a tandem design. Activation of GTTs happens when squeezing a pedal of a working brake.
The short description of the principles of functioning of the ABS system is provided in the Section the Brake system.
The tank with brake fluid is fixed on GTTs. The amplifier of brakes accumulates a part of the vacuum created in the inlet pipeline of the engine. To provide sufficient depression for operation of the vacuum amplifier of models 2.0 and 2.3 of l with AT since 1999 to the issue on them the additional vacuum pump given from the final camshaft is installed. On models till 1999 the issue was established the electric vacuum pump which is turning on when falling depression below 0:35 atm and switching off at depression it is higher than 0.4 atm. Pressure is traced by the sensor located in the inlet pipeline. For maintenance of depression at the necessary level, i.e. isolation of the vacuum pump from the inlet pipeline, the backpressure valve located in the vacuum line is used. Models since 2001 the issue for increase in depression in the inlet pipeline are completed with the ejector which is built in a turbocompressor air duct. The ejector is operated by means of increase in speed of a stream of the air passing through Venturi's tube, increasing depression in the vacuum amplifier of brakes.
The parking brake with the manual lever drive influences through cables the special shoe assemblies which are a part of disk brake mechanisms of back wheels.
Security measures
Brake fluid is among highly toxic and chemically aggressive connections and at contact with body panels destroys a paint and varnish covering.
The dust produced in the course of wear of brake shoes may contain unhealthy asbestos of the person, - at all do not inhale it when cleaning brake mechanisms!
Work with the brake system demands special purity and exact observance of instructions. In the absence of necessary experience it is expedient to address on HUNDRED.
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At movement along wet roads it is necessary to press periodically a brake pedal for removal of moisture from brake disks; In the course of rotation of a wheel moisture under the influence of centrifugal force is dumped from brake disks, but there is a silicone film, rubber attrition products, lubricant and other pollution reducing efficiency of braking! |
The disk brake mechanisms damaged by corrosion when braking create the effect of jolting which is not disappearing over time. In that case it is necessary to replace disks.
Burning of dirt to a surface of brake shoes is led to formation of furrows on a surface of brake disks that leads to decrease in efficiency of braking.